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1. Budget Office, Federal Ministry of Finance: (http://www.budgetoffice.gov.ng/): The Budget Office of the Federation is a Government & Regulatory Agencies in Nigeria was established to provide budget function, implement budget and fiscal policies of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The Budget Office is structured into six departments – six operational departments and three units: Revenue/Fiscal Policy, Expenditure Social, Expenditure Economics, Budget Monitoring and Evaluation, Administration and Finance and Accounts

Units at the Budget Office, Federal Ministry of Finance

• ICT
• ACTu
• Internal Audit

Each department is sub-divided into divisions for functional purposes. Function and Output of Budget Office All budget systems have three basic tasks: Maintain aggregate fiscal discipline Allocate resources in accord with government priorities promote the efficient delivery of services. visit latestjobsinnigeria.com.ng for government agencies job in Nigeria

2. The Bureau Of Public Enterprises (BPE) (http://www.bpeng.org/en/default.htm): The Bureau Of Public Enterprises is a Government & Regulatory Agencies in Nigeria that serves as the secretariat of the National Council on Privatisation (NCP) and is charged with the overall responsibility of implementing the council’s policies on privatisation and commercialisation.

The functions of the Bureau Of Public Enterprises involves the implementation of the NCP policies on privatisation and commercialisation, preparation of public enterprises approved by the NCP for privatisation and commercialisation, Advising the NCP on further public enterprises which may be privatised or commercialised, Advising the NCP on the capital restructuring needs of Nigerian public enterprises to be privatised and account management for all commercialised enterprises for financial discipline.

3. Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) (http://www.cenbank.org ) :The
Central Bank of Nigeria has the mandate of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is derived from the 1958 Act of Parliament, as amended in 1991, 1993,1997,1998,1999 and 2007.

The CBN Act of 2007 of the Federal Republic of Nigeria charges the Bank with the overall control and administration of the monetary and financial sector policies of the Federal Government.

The objects of the CBN are as follows:

• ensure monetary and price stability;
• issue legal tender currency in Nigeria;
• maintain external reserves to safeguard the international value of the legal tender currency;
• promote a sound financial system in Nigeria; and
• act as Banker and provide economic and financial advice to the Federal Government.
• Consequently, the Bank is charged with the responsibility of administering the Banks and Other Financial Institutions (BOFI) Act (1991) as amended, with the sole aim of ensuring high standards of banking practice and financial stability through its surveillance activities, as well as the promotion of an efficient payment system.

In addition to its core functions, CBN has over the years performed some major developmental functions, focus on all the key sectors of the Nigerian economy (financial, agricultural and industrial sectors). Overall, these mandates are carried out by the Bank through its various departments.

4. Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) http://www.cac.gov.ng : The Corporate Affairs Commission was established by the Companies and Allied Matters Act, which was promulgated in 1990 to regulate the formation and management of companies in Nigeria .

The establishment of the Corporate Affairs Commission as an autonomous body was as a result of the perceived inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the erstwhile Company Registry, a department within the Federal Ministry of Commerce and Tourism which was then responsible for the registration and administration of the repealed Companies Act of 1968.

The vision of the corporate affairs commission is to be a world class company’s registry providing excellent registration and regulatory services and the mission to be committed to providing registration and regulatory services that meet the expectations of stakeholders for the benefit of the economy. visit latestjobsinnigeria.com.ng for government agencies job in Nigeria

5. Debt Management Office Nigeria (https://www.dmo.gov.ng) :

Debt Management Office Nigeria: The DMO was established on 4th October, 2000 to centrally coordinate the management of Nigeria’s debt, which was hitherto being done by a myriad of establishments in an uncoordinated fashion. This diffused debt management strategy led to inefficiencies. For instance, in the FMF alone, four different departments have functions for the management of external debt in the following format:

External Finance Department: responsible for all Paris Club debts and for the management of public debt statistics;
Multilateral Institutions Department: responsible for relationships with all multilateral institutions (excluding the African Development Bank and its subsidiaries such as ADF and the NTF, which is handled by the ABER Department).

It is also responsible for managing and servicing multilateral debt; Africa and Bilateral Economic Relations (ABER) Department: responsible for liaising with the ADB and its subsidiaries, ECOWAS, and all non-Paris Club bilateral creditors;

Treasury Department (OAGF): responsible for issuing a mandate to the CBN for payment of all external debts; Foreign Exchange and Trade Relations Department: responsible for issuing reconfirmation for payment externalization to the CBN and for documenting repayment and servicing of external debts

6. Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR)   https://www.dpr.gov.ng/ : The Department of Petroleum Resources DPR has the statutory responsibility of ensuring compliance to petroleum laws, regulations and guidelines in the Oil and Gas Industry. The discharge of these responsibilities involves monitoring of operations at drilling sites, producing wells, production platforms and flow stations, crude oil export terminals, refineries, storage depots, pump stations, retail outlets, any other locations where petroleum is either stored or sold, and all pipelines carrying crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products, while carrying out the following functions, among others:

Functions of the Department of Petroleum Resources

• Supervising all Petroleum Industry operations being carried out under licences and leases in the country.
• Monitoring the Petroleum Industry operations to ensure that are in line with national goals and aspirations including those relating to Flare down and Domestic Gas Supply Obligations.
• Ensuring that Health Safety& Environment regulations conform with national and international best oil field practice.
• Maintaining records on petroleum industry operations, particularly on matters relating to petroleum reserves, production/exports, licences and leases.
• Advising Government and relevant Government agencies on technical matters and public policies that may have impact on the administration and petroleum activities.
• Processing industry applications for leases, licences and permits.
• Ensure timely and accurate payments of Rents, Royalties and other revenues due to the government .
• Maintain and administer the National Data Repository (NDR).

7. Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) http://www.efccnigeria.org/ : Economic and Financial Crimes Commission is a Government agency in Nigeria responsible for preponderance of economic and financial crimes like Advance Fee Fraud (419), Money Laundering, etc has had severe negative consequences on Nigeria, including decreased Foreign Direct Investments in the country and tainting of Nigeria’s national image.

The menace of these crimes and the recognition of the magnitude and gravity of the situation led to the establishment of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). The legal instrument backing the Commission is the attached EFCC (Establishment) Act 2002 and the Commission has high-Level support from the Presidency, the Legislature and key security and law enforcement agencies in Nigeria. visit latestjobsinnigeria.com.ng for government agencies job in Nigeria

8. ECOWAS http://www.ecowas.int/  : The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Established on May 28, 1975, via the Treaty of Lagos, ECOWAS is a 15-member regional group with a mandate of promoting economic integration in all fields of activity of the constituting countries.

Member countries making up ECOWAS are Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d’ Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Senegal and Togo

Considered one of the pillars of the African Economic Community, ECOWAS was set up to foster the ideal of collective self-sufficiency for its member states. As a trading union, it is also meant to create a single, large trading bloc through economic cooperation.

Integrated economic activities as envisaged in the area revolve around but are not limited to industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, agriculture, natural resources, commerce, monetary and financial issues, social as well as cultural matters.

9. Federal Aviation Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) https://www.faan.gov.ng/:     Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria FAAN performs its statutory duties, according to the policy guidelines provided by the Federal Government of Nigeria, through the Federal Ministry of Transportation and is guided by these in all of its business dealings and agreements with contractors and various third parties with which it does business.

The aviation agency was re-named, Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria, FAAN in August 1995, following a major restructuring and reforms of the Nigerian Aviation sector by the Federal Government.

In 2013, the Federal Ministry of Aviation launched the most ambitious rehabilitation programme that the aviation industry has experienced since inception.
The upgrade and rehabilitation programme involved the remodelling and rehabilitation of 22 Federal government-owned airports around the country. Many of the country’s airport terminals that had not been refurbished for long, were rehabilitated and remodelled to increase their capacity. That programme is 90 per cent completed.

10. Federal Housing Authority (FHA) http://www.fha.gov.ng/ :

The Federal Housing Authority (FHA), a wholly owned agency of the Federal Government of Nigeria, was established vide Decree 40 of 1973 now cited as Act CAP F-14 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. The Authority is supervised by the Federal Ministry of Power, Works and Housing. The Authority which became partially commercialized in accordance with Decree No 25 of 1988 is charged with:

The preparation and submission from time to time, to the Government of proposals for National Housing Programmes;
The making of recommendations to the Government on such aspects of urban and regional planning, transportation, communication, electric power, sewage and water supply development as may be relevant to the successful execution of housing programmes approved by the Government; and The execution of such housing programmes as may be approved by the Government.

11. Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) http://www.firs.gov.ng :

The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) was created in 1943, when
it was carved out of the erstwhile Inland Revenue Department that covered what then constituted Anglo-phone West Africa (including Ghana, Gambia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria) during the colonial era.

In 1958, the Board of Inland Revenue was established under the Income Tax Ordinance of 1958. After various reform
programmes, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) as the operational arm of Federal Board of Inland Revenue (FBIR), transformed into it current status (with autonomy and other powers) through the enactment of the FIRS (Establishment) Act 13 of 2007.

The commencement date of this Act was 16th April 2007 and the Act is a
compendium of provisions to guide the effective administration of taxation in Nigeria by the FIRS. By virtue of its mandate as stated in the Act, the FIRS is charged with the primary responsibility of assessing, collecting and accounting to the Government for various Federal taxes specified in the First Schedule of the Act.

12. Independent Corrupt Practices & Other Related Offences http://www.icpc.gov.ng/ : Independent Corrupt Practices & Other Related Offences in Nigeria undermines democratic institutions, retards economic development and contributes to government instability. Corruption attacks the foundation of democratic institutions by distorting electoral processes, perverting the rule of law, and creating bureaucratic quagmires whose only reason for existence is the soliciting of bribes.

The Establishment Act vested the INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES COMMISSION with the responsibilities of investigation and prosecution of offenders thereof.
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13. Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) http://www.inecnigeria.org/ : The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) was established by the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria to among other things organize elections into various political offices in the country.

The functions of INEC as contained in Section 15, Part 1 of the Third Schedule of the 1999 Constitution (As Amended) and Section 2 of the Electoral Act 2010 (As Amended) include the following:

• Organise, undertake and supervise all elections to the offices of the President and Vice-President, the Governor and Deputy Governor of a State, and to the membership of the Senate, the House of Representatives and the House of Assembly of each state of the federation;
• Register political parties in accordance with the provisions of the constitution and Act of the National Assembly;
• Monitor the organization and operation of the political parties, including their finances; conventions, congresses and party primaries.
• Arrange for the annual examination and auditing of the funds and accounts of political parties, and publish a report on such examination and audit for public information;
• Arrange and conduct the registration of persons qualified to vote and prepare, maintain and revise the register of voters for the purpose of any election under this constitution;
• Monitor political campaigns and provide rules and regulations which shall govern the political parties;
• Conduct voter and civic education;
• Promote knowledge of sound democratic election processes; and
• Conduct any referendum required to be conducted pursuant to the provision of the 1999 Constitution or any other law or Act of the National Assembly.

13. Industrial Training Fund http://www.itf-nigeria.com/ :
The Industrial Training Fund Established in 1971, the Industrial Training Fund has operated consistently and painstakingly within the context of its enabling laws Decree 47 of 1971 as Amended in the 2011 ITF ACT. The objective for which the Fund was established has been pursued vigorously and efficaciously. In the four decades of its existence, the ITF has not only raised training consciousness in the economy but has also helped in generating a corps of skilled indigenous manpower which has been manning and managing various sectors of the national economy.
Over the years, pursuant to its statutory responsibility, the ITF has expanded its structures, developed training programmes, reviewed its strategies, operations and services in order to meet the expanding, and changing demands for skilled manpower in the economy.

Beginning as a Parastatal “B” in 1971, headed by a Director, the ITF became a Parastatal “A” in 1981, with a Director-General as the Chief Executive under the aegis of the Ministry of Industry. The Fund has a 13 member Governing Council and operates with 10 Departments and 4 Units at the Headquarters, 38 Area Offices, 4 Skills Training Centres, and a Centre for Industrial Training Excellence.

14. National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC)   https://www.nafdac.gov.ng : The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) was established by Decree No. 15 of 1993 as amended by Decree No. 19 of 1999 and now the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control Act Cap N1 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (LFN) 2004 to regulate and control the manufacture, importation, exportation, distribution, advertisement, sale and use of Food, Drugs, Cosmetics, Medical Devices, Packaged Water, Chemicals and Detergents (collectively known as regulated products). The agency was officially established in October 1992.

15. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) https://nigerianstat.gov.ng : The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) came into being with the merger of the Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) and the National Data Bank (NDB). The creation was part of the implementation of the Statistical Master Plan (SMP), a programme document of the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN).

The merger was to give the agency a national outlook as the apex statistical agency for all the three tiers of Government.

NBS is expected to coordinate Statistical Operations of the National Statistical System in the production of Official Statistics in all the Federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), State Statistical Agencies (SSAs) and Local Government Councils (LGCs)

Nigeria operates the Federal System of government with 36 States and Federal Capital Territory and 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). At the federal level, each Ministry, Department and Agency has the Director of Statistics. Each state has the Director of Statistics and Head of statistics Unit at Local Government Areas. All these including Statistical Institutes constitute the Nigeria National Statistical System (NSS). The Internal Organisation of the bureau is built on the Statistics Act of 2007 which is the Legal Instrument established by the Acts of Parliament.

16. The National Council on Privatization (NCP) https://www.nipc.gov.ng/:

The National Council on Privatization (NCP) is a think tank sponsored by the Nigerian government to determine the political, economic and social objectives of the privatization and commercialization of Nigeria’s public enterprises. Major roads in Nigeria are posted with billboards sponsored by the National Council on Privatisation saying that ” the people benefit as the nation privatises”.

The Functions of the National Council on Privatization (NCP) include;

• Approve policies on privatization and commercialization.
• Approve guidelines and criteria for the valuation of public enterprises for privatization and choice of strategic investors.
• Approve public enterprises to privatized or commercialized.
• Approve the prices of shares or assets of the public enterprises to be offered for sale.
• Approve the appointment of privatization advisors and consultants.
• To approve the budget of the Council.
• The Bureau of Public Enterprises is the secretariat of the National Council on Privatisation

17. National Economic Empowerment & Development Strategy (NEEDS) http://www.nigerianeconomy.com/needs.html: National Economic Empowerment & Development Strategy (NEEDS)became essential because the Central Bank of Nigerian‘s poverty assessment estimated the poverty
incidence in 1997 to be 69.2% while the World Bank‘s estimate of the poor is 66% in 1996. These frightening assessment data which are also practically manifested on the ground among the vast majority of the populace have necessitated the need for this study. Although, the increasing incidence of poverty, both within and among locations in spite of various resources and efforts exerted on poverty-related programmes and schemes in the country, thus suggest that the programmes and schemes
were ineffective and ineffectual.

In reaction to the above spate of poverty, the Obasanjo-led civilian regime in 2003 introduced NEEDS which is anchored on poverty reduction; employment generation; wealth creation and value re-orientation. After about nine years of implementation of NEEDS, the poverty rate in the country seems to be on the increase, hence this study focused on NEEDS and challenges of poverty alleviation in Nigeria between 1999 to 2011.

In March 2004, the federal government launched a new economic reform programme with moderate celebration. The program is enchantingly termed the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS). The then chief Economic Adviser to the President and the chief salesmen of the reform, Professor Charles Soludo, advertised it as the brainchild of the Presidential Economic Team made up of himself, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iwuala, the finance minister, Oby Ezekwesili, the special assistant on Budget and due process, Mallam El-Rufai, the Minister of the FCT, and a sundry of Abuja technocrats. NEEDS among other things will catalyze a process of economic growth, poverty reduction and value re-orientation in Nigeria.
There is no gainsaying the fact that Nigerian‘s effort for poverty eradication
started with the National Development plan in the 1960s, followed by General Yakubu Gowon‘s National Acceleration, Food production and Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank, Operation Feed the Nation (OFN) of Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo in 1976.
The Shagari administration came to power and introduced the Green Revolution in 1980. In 1986, General Babangida set up the Directorate for Food, Road and Rural Infrastructure (DFRRI). He also came up with Peoples Bank and Community Banking System (CBS), Betterlife for Rural Women (BLW). Maryam Abacha in 1993 introduced the Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP) and the Family Support programme (FSP). All these were several attempts at reducing the incidence of poverty in
Nigeria.

18. National Examination Council – NECO http://mynecoexams.com/ :

The National Examinations Council (NECO). That act, however, was only the climax of a process whose beginning predated the administration. Although calls for the creation of a national examination outfit had been on for over two decades earlier, the birth of NECO was not spared controversy. While some Nigerians saw its arrival as an opportunity for choice of examination body for candidates to patronize, others doubted its capacity to conduct reliable examinations that could command widespread national and international respect and acceptability. Some others welcomed it for its potential, as a Federal Government parastatal, to offer subsidized registration to candidates, yet others queried even its legal status.

THE NECO MANDATE
By its mandate, NECO was to take over the responsibilities of the National Board for Educational Measurement (NBEM) which was created, in 1992, by the Ibrahim Babangida administration, although its enabling decree was promulgated in 1993. However, the conduct of the Senior School Certificate Examinations (SSCE) which had, hitherto, been the exclusive preserve of the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) was made an additional responsibility of the new examination outfit. NECO was to take exclusive charge of the conduct of the SSCE for school-based candidates while WAEC was to take charge of the same examination for private candidates. NECO was to conduct its maiden SSCE in mid-2000.

19. National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) http://www.nhis.gov.ng:

The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) is a body corporate established under Act 35 of 1999 Constitution by the Federal Government of Nigeria to improve the health of all Nigerians at an affordable cost. through various prepayment systems. The Scheme established under Act 35 of 1999 by the Federal Government of Nigeria, is aimed at providing easy access to healthcare for all Nigerians at an affordable cost through various prepayment systems.

NHIS is totally committed to securing universal coverage and access to adequate and affordable healthcare in order to improve the health status of Nigerians, especially for those participating in the various programmes/products of the Scheme

NHIS is to provide social health insurance in Nigeria where health care services of contributors are paid from the common pool of funds contributed by the participants of the Scheme.

It is a pre-payment plan where participants pay a fixed regular amount. The amount/funds are pooled, allowing the Health Maintenance Organisations(HMOs) to pay for those needing medical attention. It is primarily a risk sharing arrangement which can improve resource mobilisation and equity. It is indeed regarded as the most widely used form of health care financing worldwide.

NHIS also regulate private health Insurance operated by HMOs. Health Insurance is a social security system that guarantees the provision of needed health services to persons on the payment of token contributions at regular intervals.

20. National Orientation Agency (NOA) http://www.noa.gov.ng :

National Orientation Agency (NOA) is responsible to consistently raise awareness, provide timely and credible feedback; positively change attitudes, values and behaviours; accurately and adequately inform; and sufficiently mobilize citizens to act in ways that promote peace, harmony; and national development.

VISION

To develop a Nigerian society that is orderly, responsible and discipline, where citizens demonstrate core values of honesty, hard work and patriotism; where democratic principles and ideals are upheld; and where peace and social harmony reign.

OBJECTIVES

The main objectives of the Agency, as provided in Decree 100 of 1993, are to ensure that Government programmes and policies are better understood by the general public and:

• Mobilize favourable public opinion for such programmes and policies
• Encourage informal education through public enlightenment activities and publications
• Establish feedback channels to Government on all aspects of Nigerian national life;
• Establish an appropriate national framework for educating, orientating and indoctrinating Nigerians towards attitudes, values and culture which project an individual’s national pride and positive national image for Nigeria;
• Awaken the consciousness of Nigerians to their responsibilities to the promotion of national unity, citizens’ commitment to their human rights to build a free, just and progressive society;
• Develop among Nigerians of all ages and sex, social and cultural values and awareness which will inculcate the spirit of patriotism, nationalism, self-discipline and self-reliance;
• Encourage the people to actively and freely participate in discussions and decisions on matters affecting their general welfare;
• Promote new sets of attitudes and culture for the attainment of the goals and objectives of a united Nigeria State;
• Ensure and uphold leadership by example;
• Foster respect for constituted authority; and
• Instil in the citizens a sense of loyalty to the fatherland

Specifically, the Agency performs the following functions:

• Enlightenment of the general public on Government policies, programmes and activities;
• Mobilization of favourable public opinion and support for Government policies, programmes and activities;
• Collection, collation, analysis and provision of feedback from the public to Government on its policies, programmes and activities;
• Establish social institutions and framework for deliberate exposure of Nigerians to democratic norms and values for a virile, peaceful, united, progressive and disciplined society;
• Arouse the consciousness of all categories of Nigerians to their rights and privileges, responsibilities and obligations as citizens of Nigeria;
• Propagate and promote the spirit of dignity of labour, honesty and commitment to qualitative production, promotion and consumption of home produced commodities and services;
• Re-orientate the populace about power, its use and proper role of Government in serving the collective interest of Nigerians;
• Propagate the need to eschew all vices in public life including corruption, dishonesty, electoral and census malpractice, ethnic parochial and religious bigotry;
• Mobilize Nigerians for positive patriotic participation in and identification with national affairs and issues; and, Sensitize, induct and equip all Nigerians to fight against all forms of internal and external domination of resources by a few individuals or groups.

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The National Broadcasting Commission (NBC)

The National Broadcasting Commission is the broadcast regulator of all broadcast in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. NBC was set up on August 24, 1992 by Decree 38 0f 1992 later amended as an Act of the National assembly by Act 55 of 1999, which is now known as National Broadcasting Commission Laws of the Federation 2004, CAP N11 to among other responsibilities, regulate and control the broadcasting industry in Nigeria.

NBC in its advisory capacity to the Federal Government regularly adopts various scientific research methods to gather data, analyze trends in line with the dynamism of the industry and advise government accordingly. It is also the responsibility of the Commission to receive, process and consider applications for the establishment, ownership or operation of radio and television stations including cable television service, direct satellite broadcast and any other medium of broadcasting; radio and television stations owned, established or operated by the federal, state and local government; and stations run under private ownership.

The Commission recommends these applications after due consideration, through the Minister of Information to the President, Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces, for the grant of radio and television licenses in Nigeria.

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Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) is the independent regulatory authority for the telecommunications industry in the federal republic of Nigeria. The NCC was created under Decree number 75 by the [Federal Military Government of Nigeria] on 24 November 1992. The NCC was charged with the responsibility of regulating the supply of telecommunications services and facilities, promoting competition, and setting performance standards for telephone services in Nigeria. The Decree has been abrogated and replaced with the Nigerian Communications Act (NCA) 2003.

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